Stomach pain is one of the most common reasons children are taken to the doctor or emergency department. While it can be worrying, many cases are not serious and get better on their own.
How Is It Diagnosed?
Abdominal pain can be difficult to diagnose. Doctors usually begin with a few questions and a physical exam. If the cause is clear, no tests may be needed. Many children recover in a few hours or days without any specific treatment. Sometimes the cause becomes more obvious over time.
If the pain continues or worsens, visit your doctor for further evaluation.
Possible Causes of Stomach Pain in Children
There are many reasons a child might experience stomach pain, such as:
Gut problems: Constipation, colic, or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Infections: Gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, or even chest and ear infections
Food-related issues: Overeating, food poisoning, or allergies
Outside causes: Muscle strain or migraine headaches
Surgical conditions: Appendicitis, bowel blockage, or intussusception (when the bowel folds into itself)
Period pain: Some girls feel pain before their periods start
Poisoning: Ingesting harmful substances like soap, cigarettes, or spider bites
Frequent or Repeated Stomach Pain
Some children complain of stomach pain repeatedly, and often no physical cause is found. In such cases, emotional stress can play a role. Worries at home, school, or with friends may be the reason.
If the pain continues or affects your child’s well-being, speak to your doctor. You may be referred to a paediatrician (a child specialist).
What Is Appendicitis?
Appendicitis is a common reason for abdominal surgery in children. It happens when the appendix—a small tube attached to the bowel—becomes blocked and infected.
Symptoms of appendicitis include:
Pain starting in the middle of the belly, moving to the lower right side
Tender tummy, especially when coughing or walking
Fever, vomiting, loss of appetite, and sometimes diarrhoea
What to do: If you suspect appendicitis, take your child to the doctor or emergency room. Surgery may be needed to remove the appendix, though some cases can be managed without it.
Tests and Diagnosis
If needed, your doctor may order:
Blood and urine tests
Stool (poo) sample
X-rays or imaging
Referral to a specialist
Test results may take a few days. The doctor will explain the findings and next steps.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the cause. Many children can recover at home with rest, fluids, and simple food. More serious conditions might need hospital care or surgery.
Caring for a Child With Stomach Pain
To help your child feel better:
Encourage rest
Offer clear fluids (like water or diluted juice)
Avoid forcing them to eat
If hungry, offer light food like bananas, rice, toast, or crackers
Use a warm water bottle on the tummy or a warm bath (take care not to burn them)
You can give paracetamol for pain (check the right dose for children). Avoid aspirin.
When to Seek Immediate Medical Help
Take your child to the doctor or emergency department if they have:
Severe or worsening pain, or pain that changes location
Fever or chills
Pale, sweaty, or generally unwell appearance
Vomiting lasting more than 24 hours
Refusal to eat or drink
Blood in vomit or stool
Trouble urinating or fewer than 4 wet nappies per day
Rash along with pain
Or any other symptom that worries you